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| IR SNAPSHOT |
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| Year : 2019 | Volume
: 3
| Issue : 1 | Page : 33-34 |
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Embolization of ruptured ovarian granulosa cell tumor presenting as acute hemoperitoneum
Nasser Alhendi1, Haitham Arabi2, Raghad Alhindi3
1 Division of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs; Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| Date of Web Publication | 5-Feb-2019 |
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Nasser Alhendi
Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Vascular Interventional Radiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh
Saudi Arabia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/AJIR.AJIR_42_18
How to cite this article:
Alhendi N, Arabi H, Alhindi R. Embolization of ruptured ovarian granulosa cell tumor presenting as acute hemoperitoneum. Arab J Intervent Radiol 2019;3:33-4 |
How to cite this URL:
Alhendi N, Arabi H, Alhindi R. Embolization of ruptured ovarian granulosa cell tumor presenting as acute hemoperitoneum. Arab J Intervent Radiol [serial online] 2019 [cited 2019 Feb 17];3:33-4. Available from: http://www.arabjir.com/text.asp?2019/3/1/33/251568 |
A 56-year-old postmenopausal female presented in shock state and abdominal distension. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a large heterogeneous mass in the left adnexa surrounded by dense peritoneal fluid with evidence of active contrast extravasation [Figure 1]. The exact origin of the mass could not be identified due to the presence of hemoperitoneum. The patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluid and seven units of packed red blood cells before transfer to interventional radiology. Left uterine artery angiography showed active extravasation [Figure 2]. Embolization was done with 355–500 μ Contour polyvinyl alcohol particles (Boston Scientific, Natick, USA) and gel foam slurry. Embolization endpoint was to stop the bleeding rather than to achieve tumor necrosis, which may obscure the underlying pathology. Abdominal aortography and right uterine angiography showed no additional supply to the mass. Patient's condition improved and remained stable with no evidence of further bleeding. The following day, the patient underwent open biopsy with frozen section followed by a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingoophorectomy, omentectomy, and bilateral iliac lymph node sampling. Pathology confirmed adult-type granulosa cell tumor (GCT) stage pT1c, N0 [Figure 3]. The patient had uneventful recovery, and the multidisciplinary decision was for clinical and imaging surveillance. | Figure 1: Axial pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan in arterial phase (a) portal venous phase (b) large pedunculated heterogeneous mass arising from the uterine fundus/left adnexa, surrounded by extensive dense peritoneal fluid related to bleeding and showing internal contrast extravasation (white arrow)
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 | Figure 2: Initial angiogram of left uterine artery demonstrates mildly hypertrophied distal branches (a) with focal contrast extravasation (a and b) (white arrows)
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 | Figure 3: (a) Section of granulosa cell tumor showing small, bland, polygonal cells in a solid pattern. Tumor cells have coffee bean nuclei with folds/grooves. (b) Intravascular immobilized material (green arrow) within Granulosa cell tumor (red arrow). (c) Intravascular immobilized material (green arrow) within uterine wall
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Similar to bleeding from obstetric emergencies, transarterial embolization may be used in gynecologic emergencies such as iatrogenic vascular injuries, uterine fibroids, arteriovenous malformations, bleeding pelvic, or ovarian malignancies. Ovarian GCTs are rare neoplasms that originate from sex-cord stromal cells and represent 2%–5% of all ovarian neoplasms. These tumors may rarely rupture to result in abdominal pain, hemoperitoneum and hypotension mimicking ectopic pregnancy in premenopausal woman. Embolization may help in bleeding control before definitive surgical management.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
[Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3]
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